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Element Origins |
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Chromium |
Wear metal (rings, bearings, liners, exhaust valves); chromate coolant treatment |
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Copper |
Wear metal, anti-wear additive in some oils |
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Iron |
Wear metal (cylinder walls, valve train parts, gears, rust, oil pump) |
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Lead |
Wear metal (babbit overlay); contaminant from leaded gasoline |
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Tin |
Wear metal (piston plate coating, babbit overlay of connecting rod and crankshaft main bearings) |
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Aluminum |
Wear metal (valve train parts, pistons) |
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Antimony |
Wear metal (babbit overlay) |
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Cadmium |
Wear metal |
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Magnesium |
Wear metal (can replace typically aluminum components in aircraft engines, traces in aluminum alloy); dispersant or detergent additive in lube oil; from hard water |
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Molybdenum |
Wear metal (anti-wear coating on some piston rings); lube oil friction modifier |
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Nickel |
Wear metal (shafts, valves, anti-friction bearings, valve guide wear) |
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Silver |
Wear metal (anti-friction bearings, silver solder, wrist pin bushings) |
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Titanium |
Wear metal |
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Contaminants |
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Aluminum |
Wear metal, aluminum silicate from ingested sand or dust |
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Chromium |
Wear metal, chromate coolant treatment |
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Lead |
Wear metal, contaminant from leaded gasoline |
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Silicon |
Anti-foaming or inhibitor additive to lube oils; from silicone gaskets, silicon dioxide from ingested sand or dust |
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Barium |
Detergent or dispersant additive in lube oils; smoke depressant additive in diesel fuels |
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Boron |
Sodium borate additive in some antifreeze; lube oil additive |
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Calcium |
Dispersant or detergent additive in lube oils; component of some road salts; from hard water |
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Magnesium |
Dispersant or detergent additive in lube oil; from hard water |
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Sodium |
Dispersant or detergent additive in lube oil; from sodium borate or sodium chromate additive in antifreeze and road salt |
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Additives |
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Silicon |
Anti-foaming or inhibitor additive to lube oils; from silicone gaskets, silicon dioxide from ingested sand or dust |
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Barium |
Detergent or dispersant additive in lube oils; smoke depressant additive in diesel fuels |
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Boron |
Sodium borate additive in some antifreeze; lube oil additive |
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Calcium |
Dispersant or detergent additive in lube oils; component of some road salts; from hard water |
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Copper |
Anti-wear additive in some lube oils |
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Magnesium |
Dispersant or detergent additive in lube oil; from hard water |
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Molybdenum |
Lube oil friction modifier |
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Phosphorus |
Corrosion inhibitor additive in lube oils |
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Sodium |
Dispersant or detergent additive in lube oil; from sodium borate or sodium chromate additive in antifreeze and road salt |
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Zinc |
Anti-wear and inhibitor additives in lube oils |
THIS INFORMATION IS SUPPLIED AS A GUIDE ONLY. TO RECEIVE THE MAXIMUM BENEFITS FROM THIS PROGRAM, USE THIS INFORMATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH YOUR OWN MAINTENANCE PRACTICES.
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